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Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) - Faroe Islands (2003)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) z Faroe Islands (2003)

 Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003)Faroe Islands (2003)
 Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)Faroe Islands
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) none (part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 49 municipalities
Age structure 0-14 years: NA%


15-64 years: NA%


65 years and over: NA%
0-14 years: 22% (male 5,103; female 5,077)


15-64 years: 64.4% (male 15,822; female 14,002)


65 years and over: 13.7% (male 2,842; female 3,499) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products milk, potatoes, vegetables; sheep; salmon, other fish
Airports 5 (2002) 1 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 3


under 914 m: 3 (2002)
-
Area total: 12,173 sq km


land: 12,173 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands
total: 1,399 sq km


land: 1,399 sq km


water: 0 sq km (some lakes and streams)
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Connecticut eight times the size of Washington, DC
Background Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982. The population of the Faroe Islands is largely descended from Viking settlers who arrived in the 9th century. The islands have been connected politically to Denmark since the 14th century. A high degree of self-government was attained in 1948.
Birth rate NA births/1,000 population 13.81 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget revenues: $66.2 million


expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)
revenues: $488 million


expenditures: $484 million, including capital expenditures of $21 million (1999)
Capital Stanley Torshavn
Climate cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate mild winters, cool summers; usually overcast; foggy, windy
Coastline 1,288 km 1,117 km
Constitution 3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998 5 June 1953 (Danish constitution)
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Faroe Islands


local long form: none


local short form: Foroyar
Currency Falkland pound (FKP) Danish krone (DKK)
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population 8.7 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external $NA $64 million (1999)
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark since 1948
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Disputes - international claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force Faroese are considering proposals for full independence; Denmark dispute with Iceland over the Faroe Islands fisheries median line boundary of 200 NM; Denmark disputes with Iceland, the UK, and Ireland over the Faroe Islands continental shelf boundary outside 200 NM
Economic aid - recipient none $55 million (annual subsidy from Denmark)
Economy - overview The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost. The Faroese economy has had a strong performance since 1994, mostly as a result of increasing fish landings and high and stable export prices. Unemployment is falling and there are signs of labor shortages in several sectors. The positive economic development has helped the Faroese Home Rule Government produce increasing budget surpluses, which in turn help to reduce the large public debt, most of it owed to Denmark. However, the total dependence on fishing makes the Faroese economy extremely vulnerable, and the present fishing efforts appear in excess of what is a sustainable level of fishing in the long term. Oil finds close to the Faroese area give hope for deposits in the immediate Faroese area, which may eventually lay the basis for a more diversified economy and thus lessen dependence on Danish economic assistance. Aided by a substantial annual subsidy (15% of GDP) from Denmark, the Faroese have a standard of living not far below the Danes and other Scandinavians.
Electricity - consumption 15.19 million kWh (2001) 149.1 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 16.33 million kWh (2001) 160.4 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
fossil fuel: 62.4%


hydro: 37.6%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Slaettaratindur 882 m
Environment - current issues overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster NA
Ethnic groups British Scandinavian
Exchange rates Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.67 (2002), 0.69 (2001), 0.66 (2000), 0.62 (1999), 0.6 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound Danish kroner per US dollar - 7.89 (2002), 8.32 (2001), 8.08 (2000), 6.98 (1999), 6.7 (1998)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA)


cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor


elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch
chief of state: Queen MARGRETHE II of Denmark (since 14 January 1972), represented by High Commissioner Birgit KLEIS, chief administrative officer (since 1 November 2001)


head of government: Prime Minister Anfinn KALLSBERG (since 15 May 1998)


cabinet: Landsstyri appointed by the prime minister


elections: the monarch is hereditary; high commissioner appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually elected prime minister by the Faroese Parliament; election last held 30 April 2002 (next to be held no later than April 2006)


election results: Anfinn KALLSBERG elected prime minister; percent of parliamentary vote - 52.8%


note: coalition of People's Party, Republican Party, Home Rule Party, and Center Party
Exports NA (2001) NA (2001)
Exports - commodities wool, hides, meat fish and fish products 94%, stamps, ships (1999)
Exports - partners Spain 76.2%, UK 9.2%, US 7.1% (2002) Denmark 39.9%, UK 32.1%, Norway 7.4%, Netherlands 6.1% (2002)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March calendar year
Flag description blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT white with a red cross outlined in blue extending to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted toward the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag)
GDP purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $1 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
agriculture: 27%


industry: 11%


services: 62% (1999)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $22,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA% 10% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 51 45 S, 59 00 W 62 00 N, 7 00 W
Geography - note deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season archipelago of 17 inhabited islands and one uninhabited island, and a few uninhabited islets; strategically located along important sea lanes in northeastern Atlantic; precipitous terrain limits habitation to small coastal lowlands
Highways total: 440 km


paved: 50 km


unpaved: 390 km (2002)
total: 463 km


paved: 454 km


unpaved: 9 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports NA (2001) NA (2001)
Imports - commodities fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing machinery and transport equipment 29%, consumer goods 36%, raw materials and semi-manufactures 32%, fuels, fish and salt (1999)
Imports - partners UK 57.9%, Spain 19.8%, Italy 16.7% (2002) Denmark 53.8%, Norway 24.2%, Iceland 5.7% (2002)
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) none (part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 8% (1999 est.)
Industries fish and wool processing; tourism fishing, fish processing, shipbuilding, construction, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate total: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%
total: 6.52 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 7.9 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 5.13 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.6% (1998) 5.1% (1999)
International organization participation ICFTU IMO (associate), NC, NIB
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) 2 (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km 0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction none
Labor force 1,100 (est.) 24,250 (October 2000)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing) fishing, fish processing, and manufacturing 33%, construction and private services 33%, public services 34%
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (1998 est.)
arable land: 2.14%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.86% (1998 est.)
Languages English Faroese (derived from Old Norse), Danish
Legal system English common law Danish
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor


elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout
unicameral Faroese Parliament or Logting (32 seats; members are elected by popular vote on a proportional basis from the seven constituencies to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 30 April 2002 (next to be held no later than April 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - Union Party 26%, Republican Party 23.7%, Social Democrats 20.9%, People's Party 20.8% Home Rule Party 4.4%, Center Party 4.2%; seats by party - Union Party 8, Republican Party 8, Social Democrats 7, People's Party 7, Home Rule Party 1, Center Party 1


note: election of 2 seats to the Danish Parliament was last held on 20 November 2001 (next to be held no later than November 2005); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Republican Party 1, Union Party 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA years


male: NA years


female: NA years
total population: 78.9 years


male: 75.44 years


female: 82.36 years (2003 est.)
Literacy - definition: NA


total population: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%


note: similar to Denmark proper
Location Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina Northern Europe, island group between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, about one-half of the way from Iceland to Norway
Map references South America Europe
Maritime claims continental shelf: 200 NM


exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
continental shelf: 200 NM or agreed boundaries or median line


exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM or agreed boundaries or median line


territorial sea: 3 NM
Merchant marine none (2002 est.) total: 7 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 100,951 GRT/139,396 DWT


ships by type: cargo 2, petroleum tanker 2, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 1, short-sea passenger 1


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Denmark 3, Norway 1, United Kingdom 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK defense is the responsibility of Denmark
Military branches British Forces Falkland Islands no regular indigenous military forces; (includes Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Navy), Police Force no regular indigenous military forces; small Police Force and Coast Guard are maintained
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA $NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% NA%
National holiday Liberation Day, 14 June (1982) Olaifest, 29 July
Nationality noun: Falkland Islander(s)


adjective: Falkland Island
noun: Faroese (singular and plural)


adjective: Faroese
Natural hazards strong winds persist throughout the year NA
Natural resources fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss fish, whales, hydropower
Net migration rate NA migrant(s)/1,000 population 1.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders none; all independents Center Party [Tordur NICLASEN]; Home Rule Party [Helena Dam a NEYSTABO]; People's Party [Oli BRECKMANN]; Republican Party [Finnabogi ISAKSON]; Social Democratic Party [Joannes EIDESGAARD]; Union Party [Edmund JOENSEN]
Political pressure groups and leaders none NA
Population 2,967 (July 2003 est.) 46,345 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 2.44% (2003 est.) 0.7% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors Stanley


note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988
Torshavn, Klaksvik, Tvoroyri, Runavik, Fuglafjordhur
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways 0 km 0 km
Religions primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist Evangelical Lutheran
Sex ratio - at birth: 1 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.13 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female


total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries
general assessment: good international communications; good domestic facilities


domestic: digitalization was completed in 1998; both NMT (analog) and GSM (digital) mobile telephone systems are installed


international: satellite earth stations - 1 Orion; 1 fiber-optic submarine cable to the Shetland Islands, linking the Faroe Islands with Denmark and Iceland; fiber-optic submarine cable connection to Canada-Europe cable
Telephones - main lines in use NA 24,851 (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular NA 10,761 (1999)
Television broadcast stations 2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service)


note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)
3 (plus 43 low-power repeaters) (September 1995)
Terrain rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains rugged, rocky, some low peaks; cliffs along most of coast
Total fertility rate NA children born/woman 2.24 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate full employment; labor shortage 1% (October 2000)
Waterways none none
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